My Second Grade Students Began Poetry Essay - 803 Words

Objective This week my sixth grade students began poetry. When I made this announcement, I was met with unhappy groans, eye rolling, and I’m pretty sure I heard someone mumbling ABBA, ABBA, ABBA. They were shocked when I told them that I was not not going to drill them on iambic pentameter or what a stanza is. We began by discussing the power of poetry and we as human beings write it in the first place. We watched a scene from one of the greatest movies ever, Dead Poets Society, and the students were both terrified and thrilled when the boys in the movie started ripping pages out of their textbooks. I had them bring to class a poem; any poem that speak to them. Surprisingly, many of my students had never looked for for a poem that they felt a connection with. Apparently the poetry that they have been exposed to in the past has always been given to them. This made me sad for them. We, as a class, decided to start a poetry wall. Anytime they find a poem that they feel c onnected to, we add it to our collection. So far there has been many poems about sports and the feeling of playing the game. It was interesting to note that one student brought in a beautiful poem about dancing, and another student read it and was surprised that someone she had been sitting next to all semester was also a dancer. It was nice to see them discover things not only about themselves but also about each other. Next, we began discussing where poets get their ideas ind inspirations. WeShow MoreRelatedPoetry Is No I Don t Mean Putting A Couple Words Together That Rhyme1336 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is poetry? No I don’t mean putting a couple words together that rhyme. Rhyme scheme is only a component of what poetry is. I got this question asked before beginning the unit of poetry. I said-- â€Å"When I think about poetry I think of the flow of a river out into the ocean. The sounds and sight of this reminds me of poetry. The sounds that the river makes are relaxing and calm as they empty into a vast body of water. It’s like the mind of a poet emptying onto a piece of paper or a keyboard. TheRead MoreMy Life Of My Mother1475 Words   |  6 PagesLiteracy has always been close to my identity as a person. My mother wanted the best for her children, and therefore would sing and read to us as soon as we were born. She encouraged out love of words and books by taking us to the library for reading time and always seemed to find the most amazing books for us to explore. My mother is very musically gifted, so songs were part of our daily routine. There are still little songs that pop into my head about daily tasks that she created to help usRead MoreArtifacts And Analysis Of Practice3876 Words   |  16 PagesPractice The first artifact I collected as a part of my inquiry was a survey given to all of the students in my classes, which asked questions intended to provide me with a baseline of information about student perception of group work and lectures. The survey was anonymous, (asking only basic identifying information such as age, grade, and gender) and most of the surveyed classes were 10th grade, with one class composed of both 11th and 12th grade students. In addition to basic demographic informationRead MoreArgumentative Essay : Shy, Timid Essay1199 Words   |  5 Pageswhen I wrote, my poetry did not show shyness, timidity, or uncertainty. As a hobby, I regularly wrote. I wrote in a journal. I wrote in notebooks. I wrote in margins of my school notebooks. Who was my audience? Why, me, of course! Only me. Too shy. Too timid. Definitely too unsure. I never, ever shared my poetry with anyone. I do not know why. Perhaps I never had the opportunity. Perhaps I feared rejection and h umiliation. But one fact I know: someone reading and judging my work would embarrassRead MoreStudent B As A Reader1392 Words   |  6 PagesStudent B As a Reader Student B is an 8th grade 14-year-old student in Class 2 who exceeded the standards on the previous year’s Smarter Balance Assessment and continues to excel in class. She only needs to hear the lesson once to gain comprehension. I tailor each lesson of my 48 minute class so that students listen, speak, write, read and move each day, which helps student engagement.. Student B and I often run into each other at the only bookstore in our small town. She reads two to four hoursRead MoreWhy I Have Hated Writing For So Many Years?1047 Words   |  5 Pagesbeginning of my senior year. Walking into to my last class of the day, I realized I was in an exceptionally good mood. Soon I would no longer have to sit in these uncomfortable chairs of my school. The classrooms of Blackstone Valley Tech were no different to jail cells; the concrete walls covered in cream paint, the yellow tile which seems to break everyone’s’ phones and the lack of windows, restricting the outside view. I sat one of the blue plastic chairs with metal legs in the back corner of my EnglishRead MoreFaith and Doubt in the Poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesGerard, he became heavily influenced by his family. His parents taught him, as well as their other children to love God. Gerard guaranteed his mother that he would strengthen his connectio n with God and familiarize himself with the Scripture, so Gerard began to read the New Testament at school. Manley, his father, was an officer of the laity and helped out at the Church. He taught children at the Sunday school including his own son Gerard. Other relatives influenced his faith, too. His uncle was a clergymanRead MoreThe Importance Of Writing1254 Words   |  6 Pagesopened my course schedule, I saw the next course was going to be English Composition; my heart fell into my feet. My eyes instantly filled with water, and I started to pout like a child; I sulked for the next two days. The reason for this extreme level of distress over a writing class is because, writing courses intimidate me, and I usually do not like writing. My dislike for writing stems from my childhood; I never had the opportunity to learn to write correctly as a child. Therefore, my writingRead MoreWhy I Am A Teacher933 Words   |  4 Pagesdrilled into my brain, if you don’t learn to write you won’t go into the next grade, if your handwriting is too bad you won’t get into the next grade, I remember those words being shoved down my throat every single solitary year of school. When I was starting kindergarten I could already write the basics because my parents thought this was a very important skill and made sure both my brother and I could both read and write well enough. I remember the nights where I would lay in my bed and my mom or dadRead MoreGraduation Speech : Education And Career Path919 Words   |  4 Pagesmidst of my sophomore year, I had been given some beneficial advice on my schooling habits, from my mom. Unfortunately, I didn’t take it into account until I found out how utterly ruinous my education and career path was, due to unsatisfactory grades and my subpar attendance record. I had fallen behind an entire year’s worth of schooling. After dropping out of high school for the second time, I decided to seriously think about my mother’s suggestion. Before my grades began slipping, my mother had

The Function of Management Accounting in a Law Firm

1.0 Introduction Management accounting is the application of professional knowledge and skill in the preparation of accounting information in such a way as to control the operations of an undertaking. It is the presentation of accounting information in such a way as to assist management in the creation of policy for the day-to-day operation of an undertaking as it provides information needed by managers to determine how resources should be obtained and used. It includes the methods and concepts necessary for effective planning in order to be able to choose from alternative business decisions. This term paper is concerned with how management accounting discipline has been used in the law firm of Messrs Majanja Luseno Advocates,†¦show more content†¦Management is able to make assessment of quality of personnel, quality of customers e.t.c. and this information will in turn be made use of by the management for the formulating of its policies and programs. vii. Decision making - Tactical and strategic decisions are taken by the management for day-to-day functioning of the organization. Decision such as expand, own or lease or hire, discontinuance of a department, modification and diversification of business, merge or not to merge are crucial ones that can only be implemented with management accounting techniques. The presentation of accounting information in a condensed and lucid form like funds flow statements, help management in drawing suitable inferences for decision making. viii. Performance appraisal - Budgetary control and standard costing help management in evaluating the performance of different departments, centers, persons e.t.c. ix. Organizing - The human and non-human resources in the Firm are analyzed and measured. The ratio of total profits as a percentage of net sales, capital employed and partner’s funds judge efficiency. Management accounting techniques like standard costing and internal audit enable management to examine each department separately. x. Motivation - The setting of goals, planning and the measurement of performance in the Firm increases its effectiveness therebyShow MoreRelatedManagement Planning Paper on Arthur Andersen1221 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: Management Planning Paper on Arthur Andersen Management Planning Paper on Arthur Andersen In 1913, the company Arthur Andersen started by Arthur Andersen and Clarence Delany by the name of Andersen, Delany, Co. In 1918, it was given the name Arthur Andersen Co. The company supplied tax, consulting services and auditing for the large business, and itself had a position in the Big Five accounting firms. In 2002, this firm was found guilty for auditing an energy corporationRead MoreFinancial: Internal Control and Public Accounting Firm1290 Words   |  6 PagesThe duties of the board are: †¢ Register public accounting firms that prepare audit reports for issuers †¢ Establish and/or adopt auditing, quality control, ethics, independence, and other standards relating to the preparation of audit reports for issuers. †¢ Conduct inspections of registered public accounting firms. †¢ Conduct investigations and disciplinary proceedings, and impose appropriate sanctions. †¢ Perform such other duties or functions as the Board determines are necessary or appropriateRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act # 11 Titles Essay889 Words   |  4 PagesSarbanes-Oxley Act contains 11 titles, which provide the specific guidelines and regulations for financial reporting. The titles are: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), Auditor Independence, Corporate Responsibility, Enhanced Financial Disclosures, Analyst Conflict of Interest, Commission Resources and Authority, Studies and Reports, Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability, White Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement, Corporate Tax Returns and Corporate Fraud Accountability. The introductionRead MoreManagement Planning- Arthur Anderson1299 Words   |  6 Pageswill evaluate the planning function of management within Arthur Andersen. Specifically, the paper will discuss at least one legal, ethical, and social responsibility issue that impacts Arthur Andersen. Additionally, this paper will analyze th e impact these factors have on Arthur Andersen’s management planning. Finally, this paper will analyze at least three factors that influence Arthur Andersen’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. The firm of Arthur Andersen LLP wasRead MoreBusiness Operations: Financial Issues1854 Words   |  7 Pageshave been resolved voluntarily was the conflict of interest that led to the failure of security market leading to the collapse of Enron, WoldCom and other companies. The conflict of interests is in the stock research industry, which was part of the function of investment and brokerage banking. However, SEC is in process of addressing the following conflict of interests: Approval of research reports and prepublication clearance initiated by investment bankers. Compensation, supervision, and evaluationRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act : Government Policy Paper967 Words   |  4 PagesPolicy Paper Kelly L. Privatte Cosumnes River College Author Note This paper was prepared for Economics 304, taught by Professor Nguyen Introduction The government formulates various laws to achieve optimum utilization of resources in the public sphere. Sarbanes-Oxley Act is one of the numerous laws drafted to optimize resources utilization in public companies (McNally, 2013). The act seeks to attain maximization utilization of resources by entrenching accountability and transparency in theRead MoreAcc 11410 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant functions performed in an organization, among which accounting is one of them. Define the accounting function and discuss how it differs from double-entry bookkeeping. Accountants analyze and interpret financial information, prepare financial statements, conduct audits, design accounting systems, prepare special business and financial studies, prepare forecasts and budgets, and provide tax services. Double-entry bookkeeping records the economic activities of a business. Accounting includesRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act # 11 Titles971 Words   |  4 PagesSarbanes-Oxley Act contains 11 titles, they provide specific guidelines and regulations for financial reporting. The titles are: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), Auditor Independence, Corporate Responsibility, Enhanced Financial Disclosures, Analyst Conflict of Interest, Commission Resources and Authority, Studies and Reports, Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability, White Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement, Corporate Tax Returns and Corporate Fraud Accountability. In the introductionRead MoreManagement Planning of Arthur Anderson Essay1284 Words   |  6 Pageswill evaluate the planning function of management within Arthur Andersen. Specifically, the paper will discuss at least one legal, ethical, and social responsibility issue that impacts Arthur Andersen. Additionally, this paper will analyze the impact these factors have on Arthur Andersen’s management planning. Finally, this paper will analyze at least three factors that influence Arthur Andersen’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. The firm of Arthur Andersen LLP wasRead MoreThe Role Of External Auditing On Promoting Good Corporate Governance Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of external auditing in promoting good corporate governance. The role of auditors has been emphasized after the pass of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act as a response to the accounting scandal of Enron. Even though auditors are hired and paid by the company, their role is not to represent or act in favor of the company, but to watch and investigate the company’s financials to protect the public from any material misstatements that can affect their decisions

Knowing Your Audience Paper Communication Release Free Essays

Knowing Your Audience Paper Communication Release When we are communicating information it is vital to know our audience and ensure ou are effectively conveying the message. If we are dealing with a variety of cultural people, we need to consider how our audience will receive and accept our translated information. I will discuss the protocol on the Chilean Copper Mining accident that occurred on August 5, 2010. We will write a custom essay sample on Knowing Your Audience Paper Communication Release or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is crucial that the Chilean Copper Mining employees and families be communicated with about their loved ones and what will be done to help with their peace of mind. It was August 5, 2010, when there was a collapse inside the main access tunnel at a small copper mining operation in northern Chile; causing 33 workers to be trapped underground (2010). The miners were believed to be in shaft about 2,200 feet below the surface. According to â€Å"Chile Mining Accident† (2010), there was no word about their fate, whether they were alive or whether they would be rescued for 17 days. A small hole was borrowed to allow rescuers to send water, sugars, and other supplies to help make them a little more comfortable. The miners were also able to be in communication with their loved ones by using the whole. It wasn’t until October 9, 2010, when the rescue efforts were successful and the miners were saved one by one (Chile Mining Accident, 2010). In a situation like this, it is important to take caution when preparing to communicate with the families and fellow employees of the trapped miners. I must be sensitive to the situation, ensure my information is credible, and ensure my audience understands or receiving my message as it was intended. Since I know my audience is going to be the families and fellow employees of the trapped miners, I generally know who will be listening to my every word. Even before I deliver my message, I need write out what exactly it is I want to say. It is vital to all the members they receive accurate information on rescuing methods, family, employees’ conditions, and health information on the miners. In this case, this pertains to multiple family members, and employees with different backgrounds, and beliefs. It is vital that we continue to informing the families and employees without further frightening them or suggesting that the victims might not survive. When informing the families, I would want to schedule a press conference so I am able to ensure the families ever precaution is being made that there are no more collapses, and that we are doing all we can do to get their loved ones out of there. I would send a memorandum or email to the other employees informing them that we are working our hardest to get their associates out safely and quickly. To the families I might tell them†¦ â€Å"Family and friends, I am here representing Minera San Esteban Primera. I have called this meeting with you to announce that there has been an accident. There has been a collapse in the shafts and there are 33 men trapped. I am deeply sorry for what has happened. We are working hard and as quickly as we can to get your loved ones out of the mine. I can ensure you we are doing everything we can to get to them. Our first priority is to borrow a large enough hole to be able to communicate with them and get them any supplies they need for survival. We are unsure of what caused the collapse; however I can guarantee you that we will do a full investigation on the cause. As soon as we are been able to communicate with them through the borrow hole we will let you know. We plan on keeping you as informed as possible. We do not yet have confirmation on the exact state of the well being of the workers; however, I can assure you that we have hundreds of personnel working around the clock to get some kind of communication from the men. If you would like to write letters to them, please do and we will send them down to the men as soon as the tunnel is complete. Again, we here at San Jose mine are deeply sorry for this incident and are trying our hardest to rescue the minors. We will keep you all updated about rescue efforts as updates come in. If you have any questions or needs, please let us know. † To the employees, I would write them a memorandum that would say†¦ â€Å"As President of Minera San Esteban Primera, I have some bad news to inform everyone about. There has been a collapse in the shafts and there are 33 men trapped. I am deeply sorry for what has happened. We are working hard and as quickly as we can to get your loved ones out of the mine. I can ensure you we are doing everything we can to get to them. Our first priority is to borrow a large enough hole to be able to communicate with them and get them any supplies they need for survival. We are unsure of what caused the collapse; however I can guarantee you that we will do a full investigation on the cause. As soon as we are been able to communicate ith them through the borrow hole we will let you know. We plan on keeping you as informed as possible. We do not yet have confirmation on the exact state of the well being of the workers; however, I can assure you that we have hundreds of personnel working around the clock to get some kind of communication from the men. Until further notice, all other project and operations are going to be put on hold, so we are able to give our fu ll attention to rescuing our 33 coworkers that are trapped in the mine, this will mean that all employees have been excused from work with pay. I can ensure you all that we are giving our all. † In conclusion, it is important to be sensitive with communication such as this. You need to be sure to know who your audience is so you don’t come across as being heartless. When it comes to communicating to a group of people that you don’t personally know, you need to make sure your information is accurate and up to date and that your source is credible. Reference Over 30 Workers Trapped After Chilean Copper Mine Collapse. (2010, August). Metal Bulletin Daily, (224), 65. Business Source Complete. Parry, W. (2010). Chile Mine Collapse: Facts About the Amazing Survival Story. Retrieved from http://www. livescience. com/11169-chile-collapse-facts-amazing-survival-story. html Chile Mining Accident. (2010). Retrieved from http://topics. nytimes. com/top/reference/times topics/subjects/c/chile_mining_accident_2010/index. html How to cite Knowing Your Audience Paper Communication Release, Essay examples

Fusion Architectures and Algorithms †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Fusion Architectures and Algorithms. Answer: Introduction: Target tracking is the matter of concern for the current era as it is helpful to detect and monitor the motion of mobile targets. The sensor nodes consist of intelligence, where data can be processes while it flows across the network. Sensor networks comprise of current technologies such as power supply sub-system, sensing subsystem, a communication subsystem and computing subsystem. Target tracking is an application of WSN where sensor nodes control and report positions of moving elements of users with minimum latency. Thus it develops communication, production and quality of life [8]. It saves more lives, fuel, energies, resources and money though its real-life implementations in battlefield surveillance, gas leakage, wildlife monitoring, fire spread and detection of illegal border-crossing. Arnold, Shaw and Pasternack (2008) showed that open researches for applications of target tracking include dealing with varying speeds and direction changes of moving of moving objects. Further, the technology is useful to recover energy effective missing target track, comparison of the performance of dynamic and target track [9] [12]. Moreover, it is useful to find a relationship between consumption of energy with forming cluster and tracking, provisioning and predicting accuracy [4]. Target tracking is also applicable foe designing well organized nominal and computing transmission of messages instead of degradation of performance since transmission of message consumes lots of energy as discussed by Li and Jilkov (2003). Lastly, the sensor nodes are helpful for fault detection. As seen from the above approaches, it can be deduced that energy conservation maximizes the network lifetime and is addressed via effective, dependable wireless communication [3] [14]. Hence, Blackman (2004) highlighted the presence of intelligent placement of sensors for gaining sufficient coverage, security and smart storage management [10] [13]. This is done through data compression and data aggregation. The approaches are meant for satisfying energy constraint and provide quality of service for those applications [6]. As per as reliable communications are concerned, Mazor (2007) reveals that services like packet-loss recovery, acknowledgements, active buffer monitoring and congestion control are needed to ensure guaranteed packet delivery [5]. However, energy consumption is a primary concern under target tracking protocols. Vermaak, Godsill and Perez (2005) analyzed that while the sensor nodes face energy depletion, it dies and gets disconnected from networks significantly affecting the application and the performance [15]. Some of the limitations reviewed by Bar-Shalom and Birmiwal (2002) and Zhang and Cao (2004) are listed hereafter [7] [11]. A lifetime of sensor networks depends on the number of active nodes and network connectivity of the net. Hence, energy should be utilized for maximizing the lifetime of the network. Further, it is unable to track targets smart as the number of goals become huge. Besides, target tracking needs modifications in real time. Detected object is larger than the actual size. Various holes are present in the results of detection. While the objects move slowly, the motion is unreliable. Huge blocks fail to match the real motion sequence. References: "Efficient target tracking using dynamic programming - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/249112/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Survey of maneuvering target tracking. Part I. Dynamic models - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1261132/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Multiple hypothesis tracking for multiple target tracking - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1263228/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Interacting multiple model methods in target tracking: a survey - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/640267/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Moving target classification and tracking from real-time video - IEEE Conference Publication",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/732851/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Variable Dimension Filter for Maneuvering Target Tracking - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/4102704/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "DCTC: dynamic convoy tree-based collaboration for target tracking in sensor networks - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1343904/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Dynamic clustering for acoustic target tracking in wireless sensor networks - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1318595/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Survey of maneuvering target tracking. Part V. Multiple-model methods - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1561886/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Sequential Monte Carlo methods for multiple target tracking and data fusion - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/978386/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Stable multi-target tracking in real-time surveillance video - IEEE Conference Publication",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/5995667/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "You'll never walk alone: Modeling social behavior for multi-target tracking - IEEE Conference Publication",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/5459260/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Distributed fusion architectures and algorithms for target tracking - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/554211/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Observability of target tracking with bearings-only measurements - IEEE Journals Magazine",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/543868/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018]. "Multi-target tracking using joint probabilistic data association - IEEE Conference Publication",Ieeexplore.ieee.org, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/4046781/. [Accessed: 12- Apr- 2018].

Ms. Margaret Eleanor Atwood is... free essay sample

Ms. Margaret Eleanor Atwood is an internationally celebrated novelist, literary critic, and poet. As a child, Atwood spent her time between Ontario, her familys primary residence and sparsely settled bush country in northern Canada, where her father, an entomologist, conducted research. Because of her fathers ongoing research Atwood spent most of her childhood in the woods of northern Quebec and traveled continuously between Ottawa, Sault Ste. Maire, and Toronto. She did not attend school full time until she was eight years old. Because of her upbringing, her works often have themes of the dangers of the ideologies of sexual politics and civilization vs. wilderness. Although, Atwood embeds feminist ideals in her writing as she rallies to empower women, she also cautions her readers by writing dystopian works that touch upon the darkness that is present in humanity.She studied at the University of Toronto where she began publishing her poems in the college literary journal. We will write a custom essay sample on Ms. Margaret Eleanor Atwood is or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In 1961, she graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in English and minors in philosophy and French. In 1961, she printed a book of poems, Double of Persephone, and was named he winner of the E.J. Pratt medal. She then went on to obtain her masters at Harvards Radcliff. She planned to pursue higher degrees at Hardvard University, but did not finish her dissertation. Her first significant work was a book of poetry, The Circle Game published in 1964, which was highly praised worldwide and honored in 1964. After that, she wrote numerous novel, screenplays, short stories, children books, and e-books. Atwood also had a distinguished career as a professor. She held positions at the University of British Columbia from 1964-1965, Sir George Williams University from 1967-1968, and York University from 1971-1972. Atwood continued writing some of her most celebrated novels including the Handmaids Tale, the Blind Assassin she continued writing some of her most celebrated novels including The Handmaids Tale, the Blind Assassin, The Penelopiad, Alias Grace, The Edible Woman and many more.In her works, Atwood continually pits civilization against wilderness and society against savagery. She often considers these opposites to be some of the defining characteristics of Canadian society. By pitting civilization against the wilderness, she can create metaphors for the divisions between human personality. Society, civilization, and culture all represent the humanity of all humans while wilderness, irrational, carnal thoughts and actions all represent the savagery of our inner beings. In one of her most famous novels, The Handmaids Tale is about a futuristic totalitarian society called the Republic of Gilead. Gilead rose to power because they wanted to put a stop to prostitution, porn and violence toward women. They also wanted to raise the declining fertility rates caused by pollution and chemical spills which lead to radiation sickness. The main characters name is Offred which isnt her real name, but symbolizes the ownership that a man has over her. Offreds job as a andmaid and her job is Gilead is to be assigned to married couples to bear their children. Offred is assigned to the Commander and his wife, Serena Joy. During the Ceremony Offred is obligated to have sex with the Commander while Serena holds her hands down. The Handmaids Tale is interesting because it uses many of Offreds flashbacks to tell the story of how Gilead began. By doing this we are able to find out that Offred had an affair with a married man and ends up marrying him. After they marry they have a daughter together. In the novel, Offred has a best friend named Moira who refuses to become a victim to Gileads oppression. Offred had a best friend named Moira who was a rebellious who refuses to stand down against Gilead. As Gilead takes over womens rights are virtually non-existent. They are not allowed to own property, have jobs, or vote. When Luke and Offred realize how horrible their life will be they try to escape to Canada, but are captured at the border and separated. Offred is then banished to the Rachel and Leah Re-education center where she is educated as a Handmaid. Moira unable to take stand down escapes and leaves Offred alone. Moira soon escapes leaving Offred alone. Offred is then assigned to the Commanders house. Her only freedom is to go shopping which she must be accompanied by Ofglen.One day the Commander tells his Chuffer to let Offred know to meet him in the study secretly. After that, Offred visits him regularly and he allows her to play Scrabble and read vogue which is forbidden. Serena Joy begins to notice that Offred is not getting pregnant and tells Offred that in exchange of having sex with Nick and then passing off the baby as the Commanders she will bring Offred a picture of her daughter. One night the Commander takes Offred to Jezebel where Commanders meet prostitutes. While there she meets Moira who explains that she was captured after running away from the red center she was captured and chose to be a prostitute rather than being sent to the Colonies. Later that night, the Commander takes Offred to a hotel room and has sex with Offred. After returning home Serena brings Offred to Nicks room and they proceed to have sex with each other. There secret affair continues for weeks after that. Offred gets very involved in the affair and strays from collecting information about the Commander for Ofglen. Offred then finds out that Oglen hanged herself after she realized that the secret police were coming for her. Later, Serena finds out about Offreds trip to Jezebel and sends Offred to her room. As she is waiting in her room a black van pulls up with the same logo as the Eyes. Thinking she is about to get moved to the Colonies, Nick quickly reassures her that the van is taking her to safety, but she doesnt really trust Nicks word. Despite her skepticism she gets on the van going either to freedom or prison. One of the overarching themes in The Handmaids Tale is using women as pawns in a political war. The aim of the founders of Gilead is to stop the decreasing fertility rates, violence, and pornography by creating a completely new political structure. They completely removed democracy for all the people especially women and replaced it with Totalitarianism and theocracy. Womens political freedom was stripped away including their rights to vote, own property, acquire a job, or read. Previously, these rights empowered women to become independent and educated members of society and know they are reduced to nothing but a womb. In one of the novels key scenes, Offred lies in the bath and thinks about a time where her body was her own and not the property of Gilead. Often in Atwoods writing her themes involve an awareness of the struggles within a power structure whether it be democratic structure or a totalitarian structure. Atwood often explores the different ways where individuals became involved in power relationships that are often reduced to domination and victimization. By exploring domination and victimization Atwood crosses into the complicated world of religion. In Gilead, the Sons of Jacob are the aggressors and eventually the victors against democracy and totalitarianism and oppression masked as religion into the lives of millions. As Atood explains how capable humans are to inflict cruelty and darkness she places Biblical references throughout her novel. Before every Ceremony where Handmaids like Offred are raped in an effort to bear children, a passage from Genesis is read to the whole household specifically Genesis 30:1-3. The passage reads, and when Rachel saw that she bare Jacob no children, Rachel envied her sister, and said unto Jacob, Give me children or else I die (Genesis). And she said, Behold my maid, Bilhah. Go unto her and she shall bear upon my knees so that I might also have children by her. And she gave him Bilhah, their Handmaid, to wife, and Jacob went unto her (Genesis). Sons of Jacob use religion as a way to dominate women by explaining that it is within the Bible. The ceremony is about the power relationship between women and men. As she is being held down by the commanders wife, the Handmaid is made to lay between them as she provides her womb to the couple. The result of the ceremony further implicates that the seed she carries belongs to the man she should be honored to carry.One of the highlights of the Handmaids Tale is when Offred finally realizes that power lies within her sexuality. During one of her glimpses of freedom through a shopping trip, Offred fantasizes about having a sexual relationship with a guard. She says, as we walk I know theyre watching, these two men arent yet permitted to touch women. They touch with their eyes instead and I move my hips a little, feeling the full red skirt sway around me†¦. I enjoy the power of a dog bone, passive but there. I hope they get hard at the sight of us and have to rub themselves against the painted barriers, surreptitiously†¦(Atwood, 30). As the pair walk away Offred brings along their carnal desires with her. Offred later says, its difficult for me to believe I have power over him, of any sort, but I do; although its of an unequivocal kind (272). By realizing the extent of her relationship with the Commander she now has power over Serena. She says, now that I was seeing the Commander on the sly, if only to play his games and listen to him talk, our functions were no longer as separate as they should have been in theory. I was taking something away from her, although she didnt know it (208). In this quote Offred explains how she is entangling in her web of power without either of them realizing it. Everytime she goes to see the Commander he allows her to read vogue and play scramble in exchange for a kiss. This clearly displays how he isnt a fan of the impersonal and worthless sexual ritual they have every month rather he is yearning to have a passionate woman beneath him. As she writes about the power struggles between men and women she also highlights the struggles within women themselves. Atwoods says, women will gang up on other women. Yes, they will accuse others to keep themselves of the hook: We see that very publicly in the age of social media, which enables group swarmings. Yes, they will gladly take positions of power over other women, even- and, possibly, especially in systems in which women as a whole have scant power. All power is relative, and in tough times any amount is seen as better than none (New York Times). In The Handmaids Tale, men ostracize some women and raise others to a pedestal. The wives and aunts are loved and praised as they imprison other women who they deem as lower status. One of the most alarming aspects of Atwoods dystopia that the society justifies sexist tyranny through feminist ideals. Citizens of Gilead make all sorts of remarks about how their social structures protect women from rape and violence and encourages respect for motherhood while the dehumanize women and take away their right to seek pleasure in their most basic rights.

Thesis Statement

Thesis Statement Almost all of us even if we dont do it consciously look early in an essay for a one- or two-sentence condensation of the argument or analysis that is to follow. We refer to that condensation as a thesis statement. What Is a Thesis Statement A  thesis  is a specific statement that is usually placed in the introductory part of an essay,  research paper, dissertation etc., and which is explained in subsequent body paragraphs. A thesis of an article, report or other scientific work is a set of certain statements that are logically connected to each other. Therefore, the main task of the thesis statement is to discover and summarize the content of a larger work. There are several different types of papers students are required to write in higher education. Some essays and papers are meant to provide an overview of a topic (like a research paper), while others make an argument – a  persuasive essay – to demonstrate to their professors or academic instructors, they have a solid comprehension of a subject, textbook, etc., and that they can thoroughly analyze its content and are developing both their writing and critical-thinking skills. All persuasive essays of this sort – that is, those that argue a point – must contain a thesis statement. They are first declared in a persuasive essay’s introduction paragraph when the students directly state their point of view on a subject. In just one sentence, the thesis statement is the student’s pithy summary of the argument they are going to make in the rest of the paper; in many ways, it’s the main thought, theme, or angle of the essay. HOW TO WRITE A THESIS STATEMENT As a side note, whenever a student is to write a persuasive essay, which should include a thesis statement, they should be cognizant that they must defend their argument – therefore, their paper’s thesis statement – with evidence in the subsequent paragraphs. Also, even though thesis statements are declared early in the essay, in the introductory paragraph, one does not result from a student’s initial response to a subject or reading assignment; instead they a result of taking an attitude toward a specific, narrowed subject, then finding evidence – articles, both journalistic and academic, previously published essays, encyclopedias and online sources – to support this argument. In essence, the thesis statement identifies the topic of a text along, or an issue, subject, along with the claim the student is making about it. Thesis Statement Examples To better convey the power and purpose of the thesis statement, it may serve the student best to apply the following scenario to an academic setting.  If students wanted to convince their parents it would be best if their parents bought them a new computer or cell phone to use at college, that students would want to put up a pretty solid argument for doing so, correct? The student with this motivation would first make their claim (in essence a thesis statement, which they would articulate early on in their argument), and then provide reasons why this argument is valid and should be accepted and followed – because they really want that cell phone or computer. If the student were writing an essay to persuade their parents of this claim, their thesis statement may be: It is important for me to have a computer/cell phone to use at college. Essentially, this is a thesis statement; however, it is NOT an academic argument (unless a professor allows the student to demonstrate their knowledge of how to write a basic persuasive essay by choosing a general, non-academic topic). For example, an appropriate academic thesis statement might be: â€Å"Edgar Allen Poe’s ‘The Tell-Tale Heart’ is told by an unreliable narrator, which then forces the reader to make their own conclusion about the story’s narrative rather than believing the character telling the story – which is usually the case in fiction†. Once again, the thesis statement asserts the main point of the paper and clarifies the scope of the topic that it will address. A thesis statement is most effective when expressed or declared in the introductory paragraph in a confident, assertive tone and stance; one should leave out qualifiers like â€Å"I think† or â€Å"might† which will certainly dilute its effectiveness, thereby weakening the entire paper, offering a weaker argument – all while probably earning the student a lower score or grade on the assignment. The student will most likely be assigned a persuasive essay – not usually having the option of writing a different kind of essay – and will be forced to follow the standard format accepted in higher education. And, more often than not, the student will be assigned a certain text, series of texts, or type of text to analyze and write about. It could be a novel, play, chapter in a text, in a literature class, a speech by a famous politician in a history or government class, or a piece of art in an anthropology class. If you need assistance with thesis statement writing, feel free to contact our friendly support team or place an order and we will gladly help you.

Communication 270 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Communication 270 - Essay Example The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism reveals shocking statistics of on the increase in the number of deaths, serous injuries, physical and sexual assaults and drain development problems associated with underage drinking from kids as young as 12 years. As such, it is prudent to let the public know the truth about the consequences of maintaining the drinking age at 21 and the benefits and risks of legalizing drinking age at 18 years. The introduction of almost any changes in any sector is faced with controversy. People want to enjoy the benefits of the positive side of maintaining the drinking age at 21 years while criticize the negative effects despite they being two sides of the same coin. Keeping the drinking age at 21 years helps students concentrate with their studies as opposed to partying with alcohol all weekends. Furthermore, underage drinking expose children financial burdens which leads teenagers to crime and prostitution in order to finance their habits. Postponing drinking has direct health benefits as alcohol consumption causes liver and cancer problems. However, people cannot ignore the negative side which is sneaking outside and drinking the alcohol in unhygienic areas which expose the teenagers to major evils in the society. Furthermore, teenager who drink are required to part with a premium amount for alcoholic since a third party has to buy for them. This increases the financial burden on the teenager and may get involved in evil things to survive. 2. Focus: This research will focus on recent research on drinking age and discuss the main issues on the government restrictions on drinking age. It will also analyze both the pros and cons of having the drinking age at 21 years. At the end, I will draw conclusion and recommendations on the most prudent way to go on this issue. Self-control in teenagers is very low at 18 but improves by the time they are

Rucial Role in Shaping the Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rucial Role in Shaping the Life - Essay Example Unfortunately, my mother succumbed to cancer when I was only six years old, and I only understood what happened to her when I was in middle school. Hence, I had to do many things that my mother would have done for me due to the absence of my father and elder brother. For instance, I visited the doctor on my own and many other things I did by myself. Over time, little things that I did on my own built my personality, and it was only in the second year of my high school that the final stroke hit me after my brother was diagnosed of cancer. Effectively, my brother's two-year illness made me a different person despite having learned how to live on own for many years. Following my brother’s diagnosis of cancer, my life changed and became completely different. I realized that I became quick to anger, but I did not show the anger, and neither did I know the cause of the anger. In addition, I was always in pain and moody although I did not show my father this side of my personality. Importantly, I never lost faith since I continued praying for my brother who was always there for me despite his condition. When I had questions, my brother would always respond to my questions each time. During the time he experienced incidents of pain, my brother remained positive throughout the pain. Effectively, I learned the importance of a positive attitude in life, and I inculcated a positive personality that has helped me achieve milestones. In addition, I discovered the importance of avoiding anger, being moody, and being sad since these factors depicted a feeling of fear and made an individual weak. Moreover, speaking to people whom I trusted helped me ch ange to a better person that I am today. As I said, my life was similar to a movie since most movies depict challenging and unbelievable situations that happen to unlikely people.Today, my brother remains the biggest inspiration since he always saw the light at the tunnel and he walked me through the journey of identifying this light with him, which was instrumental in life. To quote my brother, â€Å"Everything will be fine in the end. If it will not be fine, then it is not the end.† I do not know where the quote came from, but the quote is helpful in time of despair.

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Case Study - Essay Example Thorough assessment shall be made on the suicidal behavior of the child paying attention particularly on the following major areas: (1) risk for death and repetition, (2) underlying diagnoses – if had already been identified as existing, and (3) the promoting factors. The sources of information can be derived through conducting interviews and observations to the child and her immediate family. Teachers and classmates are good sources of information too knowing that the child mentioned as being teased in class. The necessary information that should be gathered to ascertain the probable risk factors that triggered the child’s suicidal behavior as listed in psychiatric-disorders.com website are the following: (1) a family history of suicide or mental health problems, (2) if the child have runaway from home, (3) physical, emotional, or sexual abuse experienced by the child at home, (4) a recognized psychiatric such as depression, (5) a relationship breakdown, (6) family disturbance such as divorce, (7) bullying in school, (8) poor exam results, and (9) being diagnosed to have a chronic illness. Also, immediate signs and symptoms of suicidal tendencies (e.g. reckless behavior, threats to harm self, becoming distant from friends and family, signs of anxiety and depression, use of alcohol or drugs, giving away possessions) shall be gathered. Information about the child’s background can also be derived from interviewing the child’s boyfriend, close friends, peers, and the family’s healthcare provider/consultant. Books, journals and other types of publications related to adolescent suicide can be a good source of information that will aid in further understanding and management of this case. In managing adolescent suicide, the child, being the major source of information, shall be assessed through therapeutic communication and proper observation. Direct questions of

Improving Risk Perception in Adolescent Motorcycle Drivers

Improving Risk Perception in Adolescent Motorcycle Drivers Could Risk Perception Abilities of Adolescence Motorcycle Drivers (Motorcyclist) be Improved Through the Distance Perception Psycho-education Program? Guritnaningsih A. Santoso, Lucia R. Mursitolaksmi, Dewi Maulina Abstract The number of motorcyclists on the highway increased rapidly from year to year. The Central Bureau of Statistics recorded the number of motorcycles in 2010, 8.7 million units, rising to 9.8 million units in 2011, and became 10.8 million units in 2012. That means, there is an addition of 1 million units of motorcycles per year (Kompas, 11 November 2013). The impact of the number of motorcycle riders is a wide range of traffic problems as a result of hazardous motorcycle driver behavior manifested as high rate of motorcycle accidents. Motorcycle accidents are the biggest contributor to traffic accidents, as many as 60-77% in the period 2008-2012 (Maharani, 2012; Department of Transportation, 2010). Directorate General of Land Transportation, Ministry of Transportation noted 11,140 drivers and passengers of two or three-wheeled vehicles died in traffic accidents in 2010. Average motorcycle accident threatens 20,000 people per year, or 55 people per day, or about two people every hour. T he cause of the accident on a motorcycle can be derived from the characteristics of the engine, the road environment and driver’s behavior (Houston, 2011). Among these three factors, the behavior of the driver is important to note, because 70-90% of accidents are caused by human factors and behaviors associated with the driver (Hole, 2007; â€Å"Januari-Oktober 935 orang tewas,† 2011; Shinar, 1978; Ullerberg Rundmo, 2003; Yilmaz Celik, 2004). In psychological studies of traffic, there are three perspectives used to explain the behavior of driving. These perspectives are: the perspective of personality, cognitive perspective, and social perspectives (Ullerberg Rundmo, 2003). Among the above three perspectives, the cognitive perspective has not been the focus of much research. Whereas the cognitive aspects that include perception, attention, or the attention of the relevant matters around, concentration, ability to process information and make decisions is very important in driving activity. Those various aspects of cognitive are important to always be active when driving because individuals are facing situations in which highway environment is constantly changing. One of the cognitive aspects that play a major role in determining the dangerous driving behavior is the perception of risk. Chung Wong, 2011; Guritnaningsih et al, 2011; Wong et al., 2010 found that the perception of risk is a significant predictor of risky dr iving behavior. According to Cohen, et al (1995, in Machin Sankey, 2008), there is a negative relationship between risk perception and risky driving behavior, in which the perception of risk (hazard) against a low driving conditions will be followed by the higher possibility to display the driving behavior dangerous. Perception of risk in driving is â€Å"the subjective experience of risk in potential traffic hazards† (Deery, 1999). This means that risk perception is individual. Nevertheless, various studies have shown that the perception of risk in young adults is generally low. They will perceive a dangerous driving situation as low-risk. They will perceive a dangerous driving situation as low-risk. This is because of two main things, namely the lack of experience in driving skills or lack of processing information, and age factor related to lifestyle (Mayhew et al., 2008). Young adulthood is a period where they are easily provoked emotionally and fun sensation seeking. Th e research that has been conducted by researchers found that risky behaviors while driving, such as calling, moving lane, and speeding are assessed by participants as behavior that is not hazardous (Guritnaningsih et al., 2011). These findings corroborate the results that the young drivers risk perception is low. When driving on the highway, the various situations faced are almost entirely received visual information (Shinar, 2007). Errors of perception (perception errors) are one of the causes of the accident on a motorcycle, which occurred because the driver failed to detect a dangerous condition (Tunnicliff, 2006). To be able to drive safely among other vehicles required the ability of visual perception in the form of perceptual distance (distance perception). Rizania, Guritnaningsih, Maulina (2010) in a study on the effect of distance perception on the young adulthood motorcycle driver found that dangerous overtaking behavior (weaving behavior) is influenced by perceptual judgment of distance. Assessment of distance (distance perception) may be one of the causes of the occurrence of motorcycle accident. (Pai, 2011). When the driver is mistakenly or unable to ensure a safe distance before deciding to overtake another vehicle, it can cause accidents (Shinar, 2007; Tunnicliff, 2006). This s hows that an error in assessing the safety distance may result in lower risks assessment and perform risky or unsafe motor driving behavior. Assessing distance cannot be separated from assessing speed; the two are closely related to one another. In receiving stimulus on the distance and speed the driver will perceive it as safe or unsafe distance. For example, for a vehicle speed of 30 km / h, the relatively safe distance is 4 meters, while for the vehicle speed of 40 km / h the safe distance is 8 meters, and so forth (Suryajaya, 1995). According to Sanders and McCormick (1993) accurate assessment of the time, distance and speed is needed to maneuver in a secure way. Rosenbloom, Shahar, Elharar, and Danino (2008) suggests that the driver, especially novice drivers must develop the ability to reduce hazard risk perceptions in a variety of road situations. Results of previous studies on the ability of risk perception shows that risk perception can be enhanced through the provision of training (Rosenbloom, Shahar, Elharar, and Danino, 2008); Horswill, Kemala, and Wetton; Scialfa, and Pachana, 2010). Referring to previous stu dies that show the effectiveness of training programs to improve the skills of risk perception, researcher sees the need to develop training programs on danger on the highway for motorcyclists who often displayed hazardously behavior in big cities in Indonesia, namely the behavior of slipping and overtaking other vehicles. Specifically this study wanted to test whether provision psycho-education program on recognition distance perception is significantly effective in lowering the risk perception scores of adolescence motorcycle driver. Method Participants There were 60 male adolescences in this study. The mean age was 17.12 (SD = 0.329) with a range between 17-19 years. More than half respondents (22.4 percent) had been riding motorcycle for 3-5 years, 17.2 percent had been driving for more than 5 years and the rest (10.3 percent) had been riding for 1-2 years. Male adolescence motorcycle drivers have been chosen because they are inexperienced motorcyclists and tend to drive dangerously. In addition, male riders more often display dangerously behavior than women riders. Participants in this study were drawn from secondary school i.e. SMAN 38. Measures and Apparatus The instruments used were: 1) a video film about riding a motorcycle on the highway, which is made à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹up of 10 scenarios, with details of 5 scenarios that describe the behavior of line splitting and 5 scenarios that describe the behavior of overtaking. Highway situation for all five scenarios in each type of motor driving behavior (i.e. line splitting and overtaking) varied according to variables: time of the day, weather, speed, distance, and type of road (one-way vs. two ways). Psycho-education program contains information on three common dangerous behaviors of motorcyclists, i.e. the splitting line and overtaking. The information provided includes: (a) the definition of each type of behavior, i.e. slip, and overtaking another vehicle, (b) the factors that influence the driving behavior of the motorcyclists, (c) the importance of the perception of a safe distance, and (d) risks/dangers of unsafe driving hatched. Psycho-education program was presente d to the participants with audio along with presentation in the form of PowerPoint, and also video footage of line splitting and overtaking to serve as an example of behavior. 3) Questionnaire, containing items that measure the perception of distance, namely by asking the estimation of the distance between the motor and the driven vehicle nearby, as perceived by the participants. The measuring instrument also contained items to assess how much is the risk to have an accident if the partisipants do the splitting line and overtaking. Measurements were performed using a Visual Analogue, in which participants were asked to visualize the assessment of the risks in a continuum line with range 0-100 percent. The questionnaire also tapped into demographic information such as age, riding experience, and accident experience. Procedure Preparation Phase Prior to the experiment, the researchers had conducted two activities. The first activity was Focus Group Discussion to investigate the push and the hamper factors of unsafe riding motorcycle, especially for doing line splitting and overtaking, and also the role of distance perception on riding behavior. The result of Focus Group Discussion was used to develop film scenarios concerning riding motorcycle on the road. There were 14 film scenarios that consist of 7 scenarios representing road situation and a motorcyclist that intend to do line splitting, and 7 scenarios representing road situation and a motorcyclist that intend to do line overtaking. The scenarios of road situation were varied in several variables, i.e. weather variable (clear vs rainy), time of day (afternoon vs night), type of road (one-way street vs two-way street), distance between vehicles in front or beside the motorcycle (2.5 meter or less vs 2.5 meter or more), and speed of the motorcycle (20-30 km/hour vs 50-60 km/hour). The film was developed in real situation to make the measurement of distance perception and risk perception more natural. The cameraman shot the road situations using Yamaha Vixion, 150 cc motorcycle, year 2012. They were using the equipment as follows: Camera Canon EOS 60D; Logger: HP Huawei Ascend P1; and Monopod Manfrotto. After the pictures have been collected, they were then edited and assembled into a movie. Editing were done using a computer set with following specification: CPU: 2-GHz Intel Core i7-2630QM; OS: windows 7 home premium (64 bit); RAM: 8 GB; Hard Drive: 750 GB SATA; Display size: 15.6 inch; Resolution 1920 x 1080 pixels; Optical drive: Bluray/DVD; Graphic card: Nvidia Ge Force GT 540M; Video Memory: 2GB. The film then validated using face validity approach, to ensure that the road situations had been represented each scenario. Experimental phase From a list of 98 students in a senior high school in Depok area that met the sample criteria the researchers took 60 students using random number in SPSS program and divided the selected students into two groups (experimental group vs control group) by randomization technique, each group consists of 30 students. Both experimental group and control group was measured two times, pre-test and post-test. Between the pre-test and the post-test the experiment groups of students were given psycho-education program, whereas at the same time the control group was asked to watch a short film. Therefore, the study design for this study is experimental laboratory and the design called randomized two groups before and after design. Results Comparative analysis was used to examine the effect of psycho-education program concerning distance perception on motorcyclists’ risk perception in riding their motorbike. To test the equality between experimental and control group comparison had been made. Referensi Motor, Solusi Macet Sekaligus Petaka http://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2013/11/11/0953518/Motor.Solusi.Macet.Sekaligus.Petaka. Senin, 11 November 2013. 1

James Watt Essay -- History

James Watt James Watt was born 19th January 1736 at Greenock and at this time no one would have even imagined his effect on the Industrial Revolution that was to occur within that century. When James was fifteen he had read books about and become accustomed to Philosophy (similar to modern physics). He had also completed many of his own chemical experiments and even started produce and construct his own products such as a small electronic device that startled his companions. He soon became interested in astronomy and often spent long hours at night, lying in a grove near his home studying the night sky. He also enjoyed angling as his hobby and completed odd jobs to become known as a jack-of-all-trades. He sold and mended spectacles, fixed fiddles and constructed fishing rods and tackle. Watt met his first loss in 1753 when his mother unsuspectedly died. It was at this point that Watt decided to pursue his career and try and qualify himself to become a mathematical instrument maker. After James spoke to Professor Muirhead at the Glasgow University, he was introduced to several scientists who at the time encouraged him later to travel to London to further himself in instrument making. In 1755 he set out on horseback and arrived in London after either twelve days or two weeks. He tried to get a job in the instrumentation field although the shopkeepers could not give him a job as he did not do an apprenticeship and was too old. Finally though he found John Morgan of a company called Cornhill who agreed to bend the rules and offer an apprenticeship for a year. James Watt knuckled down and wanted to learn everything he wanted in one year that would have normally taken three or four years. After six weeks Watt learned that much he outstripped another apprentice who had been at Cornhill for two years! After the apprenticeship Watt found it hard to set up shop in London and due to his father's ill health decided to spend some time at Greenock. He then moved to Glasgow where there was a job vacant in cleaning and repairing newly imported scientific instruments. The University of Glasgow then arranged for James Watt to set up shop inside one of their university buildings where he met his future long-life friends Dr. Joseph Black and Professor John Robison both planning to be chemists. His shop at the university did not sell many of his inventions mainly ... ... had already died many years before him and so he lived partly lonesome life. On August 19, 1819, James Watt who was aged 83 died at his own home in Healthfield. Mrs. Watt lived much longer dying in 1832. James Watt was able to live through his life knowing that even though he only improved an existing invention, he powered much of the industrial revolution in doing so. His innovations also saved many of the mines in those times that were full of water unable to be pumped out by older model steam engines. James also knew that the protectionist nature of his patent also meant that future improvement could not easily be made, protecting his version of the steam engine as long as possible. References Internet Sites: * www.history.rochester.edu/steam/carnegie/ * www.history.rochester.edu/steam/thurston/1878/pp80.gif * www.history.rochester.edu/steam/marshall/chapter3.html * www.sydney-australia.net/tourism/sydney/attracts/power/powp18.html * www.cre.canon.co.uk/~davide/kbsm/boulton-watt.html * www.adventure.com/encyclopedia/general/rfiwatts.html * www.adventure.com/encyclopedia/general/ctssteam.html * www.colbybos.demon.co.uk/corn/hist8.html

Developmentally Appropriate Teaching Strategies

Today’s classrooms are becoming more and more diverse with students that have disabilities and those that come from different cultures. It is important for educators to ensure that their teaching strategies are appropriate for all of the children in their classroom. When it comes to the classroom there can be many cultural challenges that educators will have to address to ensure that all students are growing and developing appropriately. Educators need to make sure that they are capable of addressing each of their students’ needs individually in order for the students to be able to succeed.Educators must be able to define and address any cultural challenges in the classroom in order for each and every one of their students to be successful. It is important for educators to be able to identify challenges they may have when using different teaching strategies to ensure students are getting the appropriate education. Effective teaching strategies help students to learn. Si nce not all children learn in the same ways it is important to be flexible and willing to change a strategy so that it meets everyone’s needs.Some educators may be unsure of their ability to reach and teach culturally diverse children. Some may even express reservations about their ability to teach students that are from a culture that is different from their own (Chisholm, 1994). One challenge involved with ensuring that teaching strategies are appropriate for culturally diverse children is effective communication. Educators must assess their students to see what level of development they are at. Communicating with parents is a great way to learn more about the students as individuals and their cultural background.Teachers can communicate with parents to find out what their goals for their child are, find out more about what their personality is like and even some of their favorite things to do. When educators understand more about each child individually then they can apply the appropriate teaching strategies. If the children seem uninterested in an assignment, the educator can adjust it to get them more interested and willing to complete the assignment. Overcoming stereotyping is a challenge educators can encounter when it comes to ensuring that teaching strategies are appropriate for culturally diverse children.Some educators may compare one child to another child that comes from the same cultural background and use the same teaching strategy. One way to overcome this is to make sure that educators know each of the students individually instead of comparing one to another or relying on stereotyping. â€Å"To truly engage students, we must reach out to them in ways that are culturally and linguistically responsive and appropriate, and we must examine the cultural assumptions and stereotypes we bring into the classroom that may hinder interconnectedness.† (Teaching Tolerance, 1991)Once they know more about each of the students then they can avo id stereotyping and adjust their teaching strategy to meet the individual needs of the students in the classroom. Another challenge educator’s encounter is the cultural gap that is between students and teachers. It is important for educators to understand that some culturally diverse children may need things explained to them in a different way for them to gain an understanding.If educators took the time to learn about the various cultures that are present in their school then they could possibly bridge the cultural gap between them and their students. Educators can learn more about their students culture by asking their students questions and getting to their level in order to gain an understanding of their cultures. Once this is accomplished they will have a better understanding on which teaching strategies to use with the students. People will often use nonverbal communication through behaviors like facial expressions, body language, gestures, etc.These behaviors are viewe d as a sociological framework called symbolic interactionism. Children that come from a different culture will more than likely have different ways of communicating nonverbally. For example, in some cultures it is considered to be disrespectful to look someone in the eye when they are talking to you. Most teachers expect you to look at them when they are talking to you so that they can see that you are paying attention and understand. There are certain behaviors that are associated with different cultures that are considered to be appropriate.â€Å"Although different cultures may share similar goals for children, the methods and practices that are implemented to instill those values in children may differ dramatically. † (Bojcyk, 2012, sec. 2. 2) For example, some cultures believe that children should be seen but not heard. Children that come from a culture that believes that may be more withdrawn and quiet in the classroom. Piaget’s preoperational stage involves child ren from two years old to seven years old. Children in this stage can mentally represent events and objects and engage in symbolic play.They are only able to focus on one aspect of a problem and their thoughts and communications are usually egocentric (Recker, 1999). Children from culturally diverse backgrounds may mentally represent objects and events differently than the other children. It is important for educators to provide children with other views that may conflict with their own in order for them to gain an understanding of others views. Doing this can help them in their development and is an important step in increasing their cognitive development.When educators provide their students with opportunities to work with others, the students will encounter different views of the other students and learn to look at things from someone else’s point of view. â€Å"Although individuals within a pluralistic society must learn to accept their own ethnic identity and to become comfortable with it, they must also learn to function effectively within other ethnic cultures and to respond positively to individuals who belong to other ethnic groups.They also need to learn how to interact with members of outside groups and how to resolve conflicts with them. † (Banks, 2006) Providing children with activities or assignments that allow them to work together with students from different cultural backgrounds can help in teaching them conflict resolution. At the same time they learn to see things from other points of view and this can help increase their cognitive development and ensure they are successful in school.

4 Reasons You Need to Develop Your Social Media Presence

4 Reasons You Need to Develop Your Social Media Presence These days, you are what you show online. With a constant flow of family pictures and  Saturday night shenanigans, your Facebook profile might not be very distinguishable from your offline presence. This may not matter so much in a bubble with your friends and family, but you should think about the rest of your social media universe, as well. You can shape your social media presence to show the best, most professional you to your field.  Here are 4 reasons to curate social media presence  carefully.1.  Your Social Media is an Open BookWhether it’s potential employers, network members, or collaborators, your social media brand will likely be one of the first things that turn up. You want them to see a clear, engaging portrait of you- one who doesn’t use sloppy language, send questionable pictures, or behave inappropriately. We all have stuff we’re not especially proud of, but those things are best kept in a private account completely unlinked to your profe ssional account, or maybe a folder marked â€Å"please burn.†2. It’s an opportunity to clean house.If you do have unprofessional content floating around your social media or want to show that your goals have evolved beyond â€Å"being president someday or something,† going in with a focused eye can help you keep content that shows who you are and where you want to go and get rid of clutter that doesn’t relate to your career goals now. It can also give you a sense of who’s coming and going from your social networks and sharing your content.3. You  Can Find a Relevant AudienceOnce you’ve figured out what you want your social media brand to say about you, that can help you find your community and build your voice in that community. Finding like-minded people and sharing content and opinions are a brand-builder, if you have your base brand settled.4. You’re Able to Take Control of Your DestinyWhen you build your public social media bran d, you get to set the tone and establish a theme across your accounts. Whether that’s coordinating colors or making sure that your own personal logo appears wherever you do or making your visual content (pictures, infographics, etc.) look similar, you want people to associate your content with you.Who are you, and what do you want to do? It’s all in your (virtual) hands.

UNC Asheville (UNCA) Admissions Facts

UNC Asheville (UNCA) Admissions Facts With a 76  percent acceptance rate, the University of North Carolina Asheville has largely open admissions. Successful applicants typically have unweighted GPAs in the B range or higher, and SAT/ACT scores that are at least a little above average. The majority of admitted students had averages in the A range. The admissions process is holistic, so non-empirical measures such as essays, extracurricular involvement, and a letter of recommendation can all play a role in the decision of the admissions committee. Will you get in? Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) UNC Asheville Acceptance Rate: 76  percentGPA, SAT and ACT graph for UNC AshevilleTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 530 / 640SAT Math: 510 / 610SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanBig South Conference SAT score comparisonTop NC colleges SAT comparisonSAT scores for public NC campusesACT Composite: 23  / 28ACT English: 22  / 30ACT Math: 21 / 26What these ACT numbers meanBig South Conference ACT score comparisonTop NC colleges ACT comparisonACT scores for public NC campuses UNC Asheville Description The University of North Carolina at Asheville is the designated  liberal arts college  of the UNC system. The schools focus is almost entirely on undergraduate education, so students can expect more interaction with the faculty than at many large state universities. Located in the beautiful Blue Ridge Mountains, UNCA provides an unusual mix of a small liberal arts college atmosphere with the low price tag of a state university. In athletics, the UNC Asheville Bulldogs compete in the NCAA Division I  Big South Conference. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 3,821  (3,798 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 42  percent male / 58 percent female85 percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $6,977  (in-state); $23,372 (out-of-state)Books: $1,200Room and Board: $8,746Other Expenses: $2,400Total Cost: $19,323 (in-state); $35,718 (out-of-state) UNC Asheville Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 76 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 65 percentLoans: 53 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $7,362Loans: $5,681 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Art, Biology,  Business Administration, Communication Studies, English, Environmental Studies, History, Political Science, Public Health Education, Psychology, Multimedia and Web DesignWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Transfer, Retention and Graduation Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 78  percentTransfer-out Rate: 19 percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 39  percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 62  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Soccer, Tennis, Basketball, Baseball, Track and FieldWomens Sports:  Swimming, Volleyball, Tennis, Basketball, Track and Field If You Like UNC Asheville, You May Also Like These Schools: Appalachian State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphNorth Carolina State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphElon University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWake Forest University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDuke University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphHigh Point University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphClemson University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphFlorida State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph UNC Asheville Mission Statement: complete mission statement can be found at the UNC Asheville website UNC Asheville is distinctive in the UNC system as its designated liberal arts university. Our practice of the liberal arts emphasizes the centrality of learning and discovery through exemplary teaching, innovative scholarship, creative expression, co-curricular activities, undergraduate research, engaged service, and practical experience. UNC Asheville is primarily undergraduate, with all programs of study leading to the bachelor’s degree, with the exceptions of teacher licensure programs and the master’s degree in Liberal Arts and Sciences (MLAS). UNC Asheville offers a liberal arts education characterized by high quality faculty-student interaction. We offer this challenging educational experience to all promising students who are committed to liberal learning and personal growth... Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Behavioural theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Behavioural theories - Essay Example Different theories may vary depending on the manner in which they are tested and developed. For instance behavioural theories are theories that attempt to give an explanation concerning the reasons behind the changes in a person’s patterns of behaviour. Behavioural theories cite personal, behavioural, and environmental traits as a key factor in the determination of an individual’s behaviour. In recent studies, there has been a demand for the utility of these theories in education, health, energy, international development, and criminology areas with the wish that when the behavioural theories are understood, then the services that are given in this area would be improved (Nutbeam, 2000). This paper explores different behavioural theories and the understanding of behaviour. Recent studies have shown that that the key theories, which are the baseline for the current understanding of the behaviour theories, were documented in the 1980s. Some of these theories include icek Ajzen’s and Martin Fishbein works on the ‘reasoned action theory’ (Ajzen, 1985). ... esearch towards the understanding of behaviour change management alngside widening the base of the research so as to revise the current theories whose key focus is on initial changes (Akers, & Krohn, 2009). Certainly, the behavioural theories focus on a variety of factors that attempt to give an explanation of behavioural change. Example of these theories include social, cognitive theory, reasons action theory, learning theory, transtheoretical theory, health process action theory, and the planned behaviour theory (Bandura, 1989). There are some specific elements that could be applied in these theories. One key example of the elements is self efficacy, which can be applied to almost all these theories. Self efficacy is a person impression concerning his ability in performing a challenging task like going through surgery. Such an impression relies on factors such as a person’s prior success in that task, tasks that are related, the physiological state of an individual, and the persuasion source from outside (Bandura, 1989). Self efficacy is believed to be a prediction of the level of efforts that an individual will release in maintaining and initiating a change in behaviour (Elton, 2003). Learning theory, on the other hand, is a theory that originated from behaviourists such as B.F Skinner. The theory argues out that behaviour that is complex could be learnt slowly by modification of behaviours that are simple (Skinner, 1957). In this theory, reinforcement and imitation have a significant role to play. In this respect, an individual will learn through copying the behaviour that he observes in other people. Additionally, rewards are useful in ensuring that the desired behaviour is repeated. Whenever behaviour comes about due to reinforcement and imitation, there would

Practicum nursing service administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Practicum nursing service administration - Essay Example ANA is a professional organization that represents interest of registered nurses in the US. The standards of professional performance by ANA describes the behavioral competency in the role of the profession in activities that commensurate with quality while providing care; education; and appraisal of performance among many others. It has its constituents that such as state nurses association and other affiliate organizations that aid in its practices. It promotes nursing profession by advocating for high level or standard practices in nursing; ensuring that the rights of nurses are catered for at the work place; and liaising with regulatory agencies and as well as the congress on issues concerning healthcare that affect the public and nurses. Nurses have an obligation to integrate ethical conducts in the different facets of their practices. There are ethical codes that guide these practices such as interpretive statements for nurses. Furthermore, the nurses in the profession have a m andate not only to establish and maintain professional therapeutic and patients and nurse relationship but also discharge health care in such a way that the patient’s dignity, autonomy and rights are upheld. They are also required to make ethical decisions while at work; report cases that are incompetent and illegal; and maintain and ensure patients on confidentiality within the boundaries of regulations and legal requirements. The sole commitment of a nurse is the patient irrespective of individuals or groups of individuals. It is a nurse responsibility to be accountable for nursing practices and evaluate ideal and correct task delegation mechanisms that are consistent with their duties to provide maximum care for the patients (ANA, 2010). The codes of ethics also stipulate that nurses have self obligations or duties which entail having the responsibility of upholding integrity and preserving safety; and

International Financial Markets and Institutions 2 Essay

International Financial Markets and Institutions 2 - Essay Example The price at which the asset or a bond may be traded at expiration is called an exercise price or strike price. A call option is an option granting the right to buy an underlying asset. A call option on a bond would mean that the bond issuer has the option to buy back the bond at a certain price after the expiration of a certain time period. A put option is an option granting the right to sell an underlying asset. In this case, a bond investor has the right to sell back the bond at a certain price after the expiration of a certain time period. (Chance, 2009) An option is generally considered to be in-the-money when exercising the option would result in a positive cash inflow. Therefore, call options are considered to be in-the-money for the bond investor when the value of the underlying asset exceeds the exercise price. This way, if the underlying bond is bought at the exercise price, it can be sold at the market value to make positive cash inflow if delivery is term of contract and be simply a positive settlement in case cash settlement is the term of contract. A put option is considered to be in-the-money for the bond issuer when the value of the bond is lower than the exercise price. (Chance, 2009) There are three measures to calculate the yield of any bond with an attached option: yield to maturity, yield to call and yield to put. Yield to maturity measure assumes that the bond will be held to maturity and that any option on the bond will not be exercised. This means that the yield to maturity measure on a callable or putable bond is the same as the yield to maturity on a simple bond with no options. The yield to maturity is, therefore, the ‘interest rate that will make the present value of a bond’s cash flows equal to its market price plus accrued interest’. Hence, the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is calculated for all the expected positive cash flows (including interest and the face value of the bond receivable at maturity) and the ne gative cash flow (purchase price of the bond). This gives us the yield to maturity. ‘A callable bond may have a call schedule. The yield to call assumes that the issuer will call a bond on some assumed call date and that the call price is the price specified in the call schedule’ (Fabozzi, 2009). You can use the yield to call concept to calculate the yield to first call or yield to next call or yield to first par call or a yield to refunding. The yield to call is calculated in the same way as any other yield. In this case we assume the call date to be the maturity date and then use the cash inflows and outflows to get the IRR and define the yield to call. The yield to put is the ‘interest rate that will make the present value of the cash flows to the first put date equal to the price plus accrued interest’ (Fabozzi, 2009). Once again, this measure assumes that the bond will be put at the first put date. Therefore, the schedule is used to identify the value of bond at the put date and calculate cash inflows and outflows. These are then used to obtain the IRR or the yield measure. Question2 You have been appointed as the Business analyst at an international fund management firm. As part of your role, you are required to prepare a report covering the following areas: a. How the Internet, and technological advances in computing power and communications affects: I. The provision of domestic and global banking products and services II. The degree of competition in the world’

Ghandi Case Essay Example for Free

Ghandi Case Essay Ghandi was cool and liked cats one time he was chilling with his cat foo foo ba mo mo and it totally attacked his foot and he was like ow that hurt bad kitty and he smacked his cat but then he felt really bad so he ran fast to the gas station that also sold cat toys and other various pet items and bought him a lovley cat toy made of the finest lace and cat nip. Well after that the cat was very happy and danced around to thriller by micheal jackson becuase he was a little stoned after all that cat nip so he chilled for a while but then he really had the muchies and was graving taco bell, NOT TIME, taco time is over priced and not even that good, anyways he got his reallly cool motor scooter and hauled ass to america becuase india is so cheap to have anything as awesome as taco bell and he got a job doing tricks to earn the money he needed and after that he made it to america and ate a nachoes supreme and was super stoked but totally had the worst cotten mouth so he was in a mad dash to find the nearest seven eleven becuase they had this new flavor of slushie that sounded really dank at the time it was like watermelon or somehting i dont even know but after a while of catting around he located one and went in and had like two dollars so he had to buy a small

Essay --

In this essay I will be talking about the 4 factors of production and the production possibility frontier and why some economies operate within the production possibility frontier and factors that cause the Production Possibility Frontier to shift outwards making the economy more efficient. The four factors of production are land, labour, capital and enterprise. Land is the natural resources available for production. Some nations are lucky enough to have the resources within their country and don’t have to import resources, for example oil or copper. Land: Nothing is free, except the air we breathe. The rest are scarce, because there are not enough natural resources in the world to satisfy the demands of consumers and producers. That is the economic problem, people’s wants are never-ending but the resources are insufficient to fulfil their demands. Air is classified as a free good since consumption by one person does not reduce the air available for others - a free good does not have an opportunity cost. Labour: The human input into the production process. â€Å"In the UK, of about 59 million inhabitants only approximately 35 million are of working age (16-64 years for men and 16-59 for women), and of those about 28 million have paid jobs.†- (Tutor2u, N.D) Owners of businesses prefer their workers to be motivated, meaning that they have the desire to work effectively and in reward wither benefit from extra pay or fringe benefits. The more produced by the labour force, the higher the Gross Domestic Product. Capital: â€Å"Capital has several meanings - including the finance raised to operate a business. But normally the term capital means investment in goods that can produce other goods in the future.† – (Tutor2u, N.D) Capital refers t... ...ficient. In conclusion, as a country works towards shifting the production possibility frontier outwards, the economy benefits by the fact that more jobs are being created as more products are being supplied. With the improvement of technology countries can exploit their resources more efficiently which causes more production, with more production come more sales and with more sales or exports there might eventually be an increase in economic growth. However, with more production come more external costs like pollution. Identifying and estimating a monetary value for air pollution can be very difficult to do but is important for economists concerned with the impact of economic activity on our environment. Besides the externalities, shifting the production possibility frontier outwards will create more jobs in the economy and that is a very good thing indeed.

Art History :: essays research papers

EXTERNAL HISTORY: .Considered along with LAS MENINAS to be one of the most important masterpieces of DIEGO DE VELAZQUUEZ , as if final perido,this metological scene despits Minerra ´s dispute with Arachne over weaving abilities.Traditionally cosidered to represent women working at the tapestry workshop of Santa Isable but it now prored that it is mythological subject.It was probably painted around 1657.The title of "THE SPINNERS",as it ispopularly known,is a later invention and seems to have been inspired by the women who are spinning in the foreground they were workers in the Santa Isabel tapestry factory in Madrid.This Velazquez painting, considered for a long represent a generic theme,actually hides the depiction of a mythological theme draped in the everyday labour of a tapstry workshop.In the mid forties,sepcialists refused to interpet it as a simple every day scen.Their doubt were clarified when reearcher Maria Luisa Caturla brought to light aninventory in which an unknowed Velazquez ´s Fable of Arachae was mentioned,owned by huntsman to King Philip 4th,Don Pedro de Arcc.One of the problems that hindired the identification of the subject lay in the fact that the work did not belong to collections and documentary information existed about it. INTERNAL HISTORY: The Fable of Archa,as related in Ovid ´s Metamorphoese,tells how Minerva,goddess of the arts and of war,competes with Arachne,famous for her skill in spinning in weaving a tapestry.The young spinner was insolent enough to prevent in her work one of the love advantures of the goddess father Jove,and by way of punishment,she was transformed into a spider. ICONOGRAPHY: Even so,Velazquez had used Baroque recourse of inserting a picture within a picture since he was a youngman, and he linked to reverse the order of important of the story(i.e putting the trivial forward and the fundamental behind) This canvas was added onto it in the 18th century,on the upper part and both sides.It is not know if this aws done to restore it to its original state (it was thought to have suffered damage in the Alcazar fire of 1734) or if it was simply and attempt to complete the scene to make it larger.Certain scholar say it is an Apology of fine arts,intended to show the superiority of the art of painting over the hand crafts, while others see it a Political Allegory after Ripa ´s Iconology. TECHNIQUE: The Spinning wheels turns rapidily showing the loose Velazquez technique.The canvas was probable damaaged by the fire in the Alcazar(1734) and an upper s

My Week as a Room-Service Waiter at the Ritz – Customer Service that Puts the “Ritz” in Ritzy

The phrase â€Å"the customer is never wrong,† has been attributed to Cesar Ritz, the founder of the Ritz-Carlton empire. Needless to say, the man knew from customer service. How does this luxury hotel keep its customers content—and coming back?Paul Hemp, a senior editor at Harvard Business Review, stepped into the shoes of a Ritz-Carlton room-service waiter to find out. One observation: Empowering your employees to provide top-notch customer service is not enough. You must also inspire them to exercise that power. by Paul Hemp  Reflecting on the experienceOne element of the Ritz-Carlton training is a follow-up session, known as Day 21. It typically takes place about three weeks after the initial orientation. The aim is to review the Gold Standards after new employees have had a chance to put them into practice. Though I didn't work the full twenty-one days, I sit in on the half-day session (which, amidst the frenzy of the hotel's early months, actually takes place on the 49th day after our orientation). Training director Tim Kirkpatrick starts with another mock lineup.He discusses the new-employee job certification test that department managers should have administered. He announces a new guest recognition hotline, which employees can use to call in guest preferences. And he unveils an updated version of the company's principles, now in the form of a three-dimensional pyramid. This supplements the existing Gold Standards with an additional category of seven â€Å"key success factors. † But for staff to delight customers, managers must do more than grant their employees the freedom to do what is necessary; they must motivate employees to exercise that freedom.— Paul Hemp Employees are asked about their experiences on the job. Erin Garrity, the new front-desk clerk from Johnson & Wales, is disappointed she has been assigned the overnight shift but looks on the bright side. â€Å"I get to see a lot of celebrities† at that time , she says. Her goal for the year is to be named one of the hotel's select five-star employees, and she intends to continue being the â€Å"friendliest person I can be. † John Rolfs reinforces his message from orientation that our sole job is to â€Å"make guests feel good so they come back.â€Å"The hotel's 320 employees have countless interactions with guests, he says, and it takes just one interaction to make a guest feel bad. â€Å"If you're thinking about doing your job well, trying to understand and master your day-to-day routines but not thinking about how guests feel, they'll have a difficult time forgiving you. They'll probably forgive us if the air-conditioning fails. But they won't forgive us for failing to make them feel good—because that's why they selected Ritz-Carlton. † Tim's final announcement concerns the results of the first monthly Gallup survey of Ritz-Carlton guests, released to managers earlier that day.The Ritz-Carlton/Boston Common lea ds the company's hotels in overall customer satisfaction. There is a stunned silence—after all, this is a new hotel still smoothing out the rough spots—followed by loud applause. As I leave the hotel and walk across the Boston Common in the gathering dusk, I reflect on what I've learned about teaching and motivating employees to provide truly memorable service. One thing seems clear. Great customer service should be based on dynamic principles rather than a rigid formula.You don't demand that employees say, â€Å"Certainly, my pleasure,† until it feels right to them. You don't mindlessly assume every guest wants to be pampered; some people just want to eat their dinners. I also ponder Ritz-Carlton's efforts to win the hearts and minds of its employees by, for example, making them feel part of a proud heritage. A recent study of hotel workers by researchers at Cornell's School of Hotel Administration found that, while job satisfaction plays a major role in employ ee retention, it isn't the key factor in a hotel's ability to provide excellent customer service.Rather, it is employees' emotional commitment—which is achieved in part through symbols and rituals that enhance employees' sense of identity with the company—that contributes most to superior performance. Ritz Carlton certainly has an unusually rich tradition to draw on in creating that feeling of identity. But every company, even a two-year-old startup, has traditions and even legends that can be tapped to help build employee commitment. Great customer service should be based on dynamic principles rather than a rigid formula.— Paul Hemp That kind of commitment serves as a driver of excellent customer service only when employees are empowered to take initiative. And that sort of empowerment has no potency unless employees are motivated to seize it. I am haunted by my failure to point out the confusing bin numbers on the hotel wine list, which led my guest to mistake nly order that half-bottle of burgundy. Certainly, I was encouraged during my time at the hotel to point out problems that needed fixing. Why didn't I follow through in this case? I'm not sure.But for staff to delight customers, managers must do more than grant their employees the freedom to do what is necessary; they must motivate employees to exercise that freedom. Doing that depends in part on the kinds of people you hire. Ritz-Carlton has an elaborate system for assessing in job candidates the qualities the company believes are crucial to its success. One night while I was working at the hotel, I went through the basic interview to see how I'd do. I was fairly confident I was just the sort of caring, conscientious person the Ritz was looking for.In fact, though, even after fudging my answers to a few questions, I got only ten points out of a possible fifteen in the composite hospitality assessment. Tim said that wasn't bad—†though, honestly, we'd shoot for someone w ith a twelve. † I later discovered that I fell short in my response to a question asking me to cite an instance when I took care of someone else. I said I'd often provided emotional support to my sister during tough times. But the company was looking for something more than this, an â€Å"extraordinary† example of caring. â€Å"Helping your sister? You better,† Tim said with a laugh.â€Å"Now, if you'd moved out of your house for a month and let her move in, that would be different. † Since instituting its candidate assessment system in 1991, Ritz Carlton says it has reduced its annual turnover rate from 55%, roughly the industry average, to 28%. Certainly, a genuine concern for the well-being of guests is key to providing superior customer service. But that isn't enough to truly anticipate customer needs. Another component of the Ritz Carlton's hospitality assessment is empathy—being able to imagine guests' emotional responses to their experience i n the hotel.I am reminded of Steve's care in preparing the champagne setting for the newlyweds that night and how he thought back to his grandparents' wedding seventy-five years before. To truly achieve empathy, however, I wonder if you need to jettison at least some of your personal perspective. One of John Rolfs's comments during the Day 21 session—about the dangers of employees focusing solely on the successful fulfillment of their duties—resonated with my experience as a waiter.If you're constantly assessing how well you're doing in your job—even in your genuine efforts to satisfy guests—you, not the guest, become the point of reference. Your self-consciousness, natural though it may be, distracts you from providing superior service. It's getting dark. And this train of thought risks hurtling far beyond the practical demands of a frenetic evening of room service. But, when you get down to it, my musings don't seem all that far from the Ritz-Carlton ph ilosophy.Companies dedicated to providing what might be called â€Å"extreme† customer service may need to recognize that—like great military, government, or religious service—it is, in the end, a truly selfless endeavor. They may need to establish such practices as the formal inculcation of a customer-centered credo. They might even consider providing workers with a weeklong immersion in the experience of being a customer! Whatever the means, the aim would be getting employees to leave their egos at the door and adopt the mind-set of the people they're serving.